A protracted fuel crisis has gripped the Republic of Niger, exacerbated by the closure of over 400 filling stations in Nigerian border communities. These closures, enforced by the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) since 2019, aim to curb petrol smuggling into neighboring countries but have led to significant disagreements between customs authorities and oil marketers.

In 2019, the Nigerian government directed the shutdown of filling stations within 20 kilometers of its borders to combat rampant fuel smuggling. This policy resulted in the closure of more than 400 stations operated by independent oil marketers in border areas. Despite appeals from marketers citing substantial revenue losses, the NCS has maintained the closures, emphasizing their necessity in preserving national resources. ​

The fuel scarcity in Niger has intensified, with reports indicating that the country has faced unprecedented shortages for several weeks. This situation has led to long queues at the few operational filling stations and has significantly disrupted economic activities. Niger, which previously relied on smuggled Nigerian petrol for about 50% of its local consumption, is now grappling with the consequences of reduced smuggling due to stricter border controls. 

  • Nigeria Customs Service: The NCS asserts that the continued closure of border filling stations is crucial to prevent fuel smuggling, which poses economic and security threats to Nigeria. They argue that reopening these stations could lead to a resurgence of illicit cross-border fuel trade.​

  • Oil Marketers: Independent oil marketers contend that the prolonged closures have led to significant financial losses and have adversely affected legitimate businesses in border communities. They advocate for a review of the policy, suggesting that with proper monitoring and regulation, the stations could operate without contributing to smuggling activities.​

As of March 2025, the NCS has reiterated its stance, stating that the border filling stations will remain closed. This position continues to be a point of contention with oil marketers, who are seeking avenues to engage the government in dialogue to address the issue. ​

The ongoing fuel crisis in Niger and the closure of border filling stations in Nigeria highlight the complex challenges of balancing national resource protection with the economic interests of local businesses. A collaborative approach involving all stakeholders may be necessary to develop sustainable solutions that address both concerns.